In COPD, the work of breathing increases caloric requirements. Which dietary strategy best supports this need?

• A. Low sodium
• B. High calorie/high protein
• C. High fiber
• D. Fluid restriction

Answer: (B)

The main idea is that COPD increases energy expenditure because breathing work is harder and the body may break down muscle for fuel. To meet these higher caloric needs and protect respiratory muscles, a diet that provides ample calories with adequate protein is most effective. A high-calorie, high-protein plan supplies the extra energy required for breathing and daily activity while supplying amino acids to preserve lean tissue, including the muscles used for respiration. This helps prevent weight loss, supports immune function, and maintains muscle strength, which can improve breathing efficiency and overall function.

Other options don’t specifically address the increased energy and protein demands. Lowering sodium targets fluid balance and edema, not caloric needs. High fiber focuses on GI health and fullness but can reduce overall energy intake if not balanced. Fluid restriction can limit intake and worsen nutrition if not clinically indicated.