What dietary pattern is recommended for a patient with Parkinson's disease?

• A. Low calorie, low protein
• B. Low fiber
• C. Vegetarian only
• D. High calorie, high protein; four to six small meals per day

Answer: (D)

In Parkinson's disease, maintaining adequate nutrition is essential because weight loss and reduced energy intake are common, and preserving muscle mass helps with function and quality of life. A calorie-dense, protein-rich diet provides the energy and protein needed for maintenance and daily activity, while distributing intake over four to six smaller meals per day helps manage fatigue, swallowing difficulties, and fluctuations in appetite. This approach supports steady energy and nutrition throughout the day. It’s also worth noting that protein can affect levodopa absorption, so in practice the timing and distribution of protein may be adjusted to optimize medication effectiveness, but the overall pattern described—high calories, sufficient protein, and multiple small meals—best aligns with maintaining nutrition and functional status in Parkinson's.