Which statement correctly identifies a risk factor for seizures?

• A. Seizures are never caused by metabolic disturbances.
• B. A low blood glucose level is a risk factor for seizures.
• C. Only CNS infections increase seizure risk.
• D. Alcohol withdrawal never causes seizures.

Answer: (B)

Abnormal metabolism that deprives the brain of fuel can precipitate seizures. The brain relies on glucose for energy, and when blood glucose falls, neurons struggle to maintain ion gradients and neurotransmitter balance. That energy failure increases neuronal excitability and can trigger the abnormal, synchronized firing that characterizes seizures. So a low blood glucose level is a recognized risk factor for seizures, seen in situations like insulin overdose, prolonged fasting, or severe illness with hypoglycemia. Seizures can result from many other factors as well, so metabolic disturbances aren’t the only triggers. CNS infections, electrolyte problems, strokes, head injuries, and withdrawal states (including alcohol withdrawal) can also provoke seizures. In short, a low blood glucose level best fits as a known risk factor because energy deprivation in brain tissue directly raises seizure propensity.